Anthropogenic influence on trace element geochemistry of healing mud (peloid) from Makirina Cove (Croatia)     

S. Miko  G. Koch  S. Mesić  M. Šparica-Miko  M. Šparica  R. Čepelak  A. Bačani  P. Vreča  T. Dolenec  S. Bergant 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(3):517-537

Due to their balneotherapeutic features, the organic-rich sediments in Makirina Cove are an important source of healing mud. An environmental geochemistry approach using normalization techniques was applied to evaluate the anthropogenic contribution of trace metals to sediments used as healing mud. Sediment geochemistry was found to be associated with land-use change and storm events, as well as with proximity of a road with heavy traffic in the summer months. Local valley topography preferentially channels lithogenic and pollutant transport to the cove. Concentrations and distribution of trace metals indicate lithogenic (Ni, Cr, Co) and anthropogenic (Pb, Cu, Zn and Se) contributions to the sediments. The calculation of enrichment factors indicates a moderate (EFs between 2–3.5) input of anthropogenic Cu and Pb in surficial sediments to a depth of 10 cm. Patients using the Makirina Cove sediments as healing mud could be to some extent exposed to enhanced uptake of metals from anthropogenic sources via dermal contact.  相似文献   

Regional distribution pattern of groundwater heavy metals resulting from agricultural activities   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

J. Nouri  A. H. Mahvi  G. R. Jahed  A. A. Babaei 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(6):1337-1343

Contaminations of groundwater by heavy metals due to agricultural activities are growing recently. The objective of this study was to evaluate and map regional patterns of heavy metals (Cd, Zn and Cu) in groundwater on a plain with high agricultural activities. The study was conducted to investigate the concentration of heavy metals and distribution in groundwater in regions of Shush Danial and Andimeshk aquifers in the southern part of Iran. Presently, groundwater is the only appropriate and widely used source of drinking water for rural and urban communities in this region. The region covers an area of 1,100 km² between the Dez and Karkhe rivers, which lead to the Persian Gulf. For this study, the region was divided into four sub-regions A, B, C and D. Additionally, 168 groundwater samples were collected from 42 water wells during the earlier months of 2004. The flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS-Flame) was used to measure the concentration of heavy metals in water samples and the Surfer software was used for determination of the contour map of metal distribution. The results demonstrated that in all of the samples, Cd and Zn concentrations were below the EPA MCLG and EPA secondary standard, respectively. However, the Cu contents of 4.8 % of all samples were higher than EPA MCL. It is also indicated that the concentrations of metals were more pronounced at the southern part of the studied region than at the others. The analysis of fertilizers applied for agricultural activities at this region also indicated that a great majority of the above-mentioned heavy metals were discharged into the environment. Absence of confining layers, proximity to land surface, excess agricultural activities in the southern part and groundwater flow direction that is generally from the north to the southern parts in this area make the southern region of the Shush plain especially vulnerable to pollution by heavy metals than by other contaminants.  相似文献   

Determination of historical emission of heavy metals into the atmosphere: Celje case study     

Gorazd Žibret 《Environmental Geology》2008,56(1):189-196

The research shows that in the Celje area (Slovenia), the historical anthropogenical emissions are 1,712 tons of Zn and 9.1 tons of Cd. For Zn, this value represents approximately 0.3% of the total Zn production in that area. Close to the former zinc smelting plant, the “Zn precipitation” has been estimated to be up to 0.036 mm. The 100-year Zn production left behind a heavily contaminated area with maximum concentrations of Zn of up to 5.6% in attic dust and 0.85% in the soil, and 456 mg/kg of Cd in attic dust and 59.1 mg/kg in the soil. The calculation of historical emissions is based on the data of heavy metals concentration in the attic dust at 98 sampling points and on the data from 19 measurement sites of the weight of total monthly air deposit. The main idea behind determining past emissions is that when the weight of the deposited dust on a small area is multiplied by the concentration of the element in that area, the mass of the polluter which has been transported to the place of interest by air can be calculated. If we sum up all the weight over the whole geochemical anomaly, we get the quantity of historical emissions.  相似文献   

土壤聚合物对几种重金属离子固化效果的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

金漫彤  楼敏晓  张琼  王连军 《矿物学报》2008,28(1):66-70

土壤聚合物是一种新型的无机聚合物,其分子链由Si、O、Al等以共价键或离子键连接而成,形成网络结构,对重金属有较强的固定作用.本文试图利用土壤聚合物固化铜、锌、铅三种重金属离子,实现资源化利用.实验以固化体抗压强度和浸出毒性作为性能表征量,结果表明:土壤聚合物对不同重金属的固化有各自的极限浓度,Cu2 、Zn2 、Pb2 的理想固化量分别为0.9%、1%、2%;若固化过程中添加一定量的高炉矿渣,则可以提高固化体的抗压强度.本文通过土壤聚合物固化体SEM分析,从固化体微观结构的形态来阐述土壤聚合物宏观上的优越表现.  相似文献   

Distrubution of Dissolved and Particulate Iron, copper and Manganese in the Shelf waters of the Ross sea (Antarctica)     

Carmela Ianni  Paola Rivaro  Roberto Frache 《Marine Ecology》2002,23(S1):210-219

Abstract. During the austral summer 1997–98, within the framework of the activities of the Climatic Long-term Interaction for the Massbalance in Antarctica (CLIMA) Project of the Italian National Program for Antarctic Research (PNRA) in the Ross Sea, measurements were conducted to focus on the role of dissolved iron, copper and manganese as micronutrients, and on their distribution in suspended particulate matter in different water masses. Sampling was carried out in two selected shelf areas, both important for formation and mixing processes of the water bodies.
Metal data were evaluated together with physical measurements and classical chemical parameters such as oxygen and nutrients.
In both the studied areas, the distribution of dissolved metals along the waste column confirmed their micronutrient behaviour, showing depletion where phytoplanktonic activities occurred.
The trend of particulate metals underlined the scavenging phenomena along the water column and presented an interesting correlation at intermediate depths with the amount and origin of suspended matter.  相似文献   

近江牡蛎作为重金属污染生物指示种的初步研究   总被引：17，自引：2，他引：17  

陆超华 《台湾海峡》1994,13(1):14-20

对近江牡砺作为监测广东岸海域Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｄ，Ｐｂ污染的生物指示种的可能性进行了初步研究和评价，应用ＰＯＬＹＤＩＶ统计技术对采自广东沿岩海域１４个站点的近江牡盛的重金属含量进行了统计分析，结果表明近江牡蛎受Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｄ污染的地理分布类型与广东沿海排放的工业废水的分布以及潮间带生物和表层沉积物的Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｄ含量分布相一致，因此，近江牡蛎可作为监测研究Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ，Ｃｄ污染的可靠生物指示种，但能  相似文献   

大亚湾沉积物中重金属元素背景值研究     

张银英 《热带海洋学报》1991,(3)

根据大亚湾的自然条件认为,大亚湾沉积物的物质来源是其周围集水区的岩石风化壳,并计算了其风化壳中重金属元素的平均丰度值;又根据沉积物的粒度和深层沉积物重金属元素的含量资料,列方程计算出湾内沉积物中重金属元素的平均含量,根据这两组数据,确定该区域内重金属元素的平均背景值。再通过粒度关系,计算得出大亚湾内各站沉积物中重金属元素的背景值。应用此结果和大亚湾沉积物重金属元素实测结果,计算了由人为影响带入沉积物中的重金属元素含量,了解其受污染的程度。  相似文献   

南黄海和东海北部陆架重矿物组合分区及来源   总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17  

王昆山  石学法  林振宏 《海洋科学进展》2003,21(1):31-40

利用大洋-50型海底取样器,在南黄海和东海北部陆架(125°E以西)海上调查获取了海底表层沉积物样品,其中包括1998年以来"黄东海地质地球物理补充调查"和"中韩黄海沉积动力学与古环境演变"2项研究所获得的样品共380个,选取0.063～0.125mm粒级的沉积物,进行碎屑矿物分析,最后选出9个代表性的优势重矿物种的数据为变量,利用Q型聚类(分层聚类)的数学方法,进行聚类组合,在数学统计的基础上,将研究区划分出4个重矿物组合区。客观地反映出黄河物质、长江物质和原地物质的影响范围,同时也体现出物质来源和水动力以及海底风化作用对重矿物分布的影响程度和范围,因而可以得出,在一定的范围内陆架表层沉积物中的重矿物具有趋同的演化效应。  相似文献   

Simulating a heavy metal spill under estuarine conditions: Effects on the clam Scrobicularia plana     

E. García-Luque  T. A. DelValls  C. Casado-Martínez  J. M. Forja  A. Gmez-Parra 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):671

We describe the effect of heavy metals Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu on the induction of methallothioneins on the clam Scrobicularia plana along a salinity gradient simulated under laboratory conditions. The clams were exposed to constant heavy metal concentrations in a dynamic estuary simulator during a 15-day assay to investigate possible induction of metal-binding proteins in them. The concentration of heavy metals in water was analysed. Clams were analysed for methallothionein concentrations. The speciation of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu along the salinity gradient was modelled. Zn showed the highest concentrations and its prevalent species was the free ion. Intersite differences have been observed in methallothionein concentration and related to the salinity gradient. It seems that synthesis of methallothioneins is the result of physiological forces acting in concert with the changes in the chemical speciation of metals, owing to the trace metals uptake is controlled by means of an interaction of physiology and physicochemistry.  相似文献   

近海环境地球化学调查研究历史与现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶思源  周永青  刘兆茂  刘建霞 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2003,23(4):121-126

近海环境地球化学的研究是一支新兴的发展中的边缘性分支学科，由于环境问题的日益突出，该学科发展较为迅速。通过回顾我国近海环境地球化学调查的历史和综述当今国外该学科的研究现状，概括了该学科的主要进展，并指出存在的问题和今后的发展方向。  相似文献